Cinema International Corporation (CIC) was a film distribution company started by Paramount Pictures and Universal Studios and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer in the early 1970s to distribute the 2 studios' films outside the United States – it even operated in Canada before it was considered part of the "domestic" market.
Overview[]
On April 9, 1970, as a part of a cost-cutting move, caused due to declining movie-going audiences, and due to anti-trust rules, Paramount and Universal and MGM, merged their international distribution arms, into a new releasing company, Cinema International Corporation (CIC), registered in England and Wales.
In 1973, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer closed down its distribution offices and became a partner in CIC, which took over international distribution for MGM's films. However, United Artists took over the U.S distribution for MGM's output at that time. CIC also entered the home video market by forming CIC Video, which distributed Paramount and Universal titles on video worldwide. MGM however, had its own video unit, which later became a joint venture with CBS as MGM/CBS Home Video (later known as MGM/UA Home Video, which then became managed by Warner Home Video).
In 1981, MGM purchased United Artists, but could not drop out of the CIC venture to merge with UA's overseas operations. However, with future film productions from both names being released domesticity through the MGM/UA Entertainment plate, CIC decided to combine UA's international units with MGM and reformed as United International Pictures.
The CIC name lived on in its video division, which became directly managed as a joint venture of Paramount Home Video and MCA Videocassette, Inc. (later MCA Home Video and MCA/Universal Home Video). CIC Video survived until the late 1990s/early 2000s, when Universal purchased PolyGram and reorganized its video division (which was a joint venture with what is now Sony Pictures Home Entertainment, and remains so to this day) under the Universal name, while Paramount took over full ownership of CIC Video and merged it under its own video division.
Australia[]
Early on, CIC operated the same as in other countries with distribution of Paramount, Universal, and MGM titles in Australia. In the mid 70s, CIC merged its units with 20th Century Fox's Australian distribution arm to form a joint venture, known as CIC-Fox. CIC/Fox distributed titles by 20th Century Fox, Paramount Pictures, Universal, Metro Goldwyn Mayer, and Walt Disney Productions. In 1982, after the reformation of Cinema International Corporation as United International Pictures, the venture was renamed UIP-Fox and began to distribute United Artists titles (due to the merger with MGM a year earlier). The venture was ended in 1986, after Rupert Murdoch purchased Fox and Village Roadshow. Murdoch reorganized and obtained the Fox Australian distribution arm from UIP, and Disney sent its distribution under Village Roadshow. Theatrical releases from Paramount, Universal, MGM, & UA still continued under UIPs distribution arm, and the CIC-Fox video arm was renamed "CIC-Taft" for releasing titles from Paramount and Universal, along with Hanna Barbara and Taft Pictures titles, hence the Taft name because the latter company owned the former at that time (MGM/UA, Disney, and Fox had their own home video divisions at this point).
Controversy[]
CIC made headlines in 2012 because both Universal Pictures and Paramount Pictures deny ownership of director William Friedkin's third film, Sorcerer. The studios claim they transferred ownership to CIC, which later dissolved, causing the rights to be in limbo. In April 2012, Friedkin sued the studios to discover who owns the domestic theatrical rights and to capture any royalty payments from VHS and DVD releases. At one point, a court date for March 2013 has been set if the parties could not reach a settlement.[1] However, it was exactly that month that Friedkin revealed that he dropped his lawsuit against Universal and Paramount, and that he and a "major studio" are involved in the creation of a new, recolored digital print of Sorcerer, to be screened at the Venice Film Festival and to receive a Blu-Ray release:
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See also[]
- Paramount Pictures
- Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Films Released (UK Based)[]
- Tales That Witness Madness (1973)
- Serpico (1973)
- Romance with a Double Bass (1974)
- Paul and Michelle (1974)
- The Little Prince (1974)
- Jaws (1975)
- Hennessy (1975)
- The Twelve Tasks of Asterix (1976)
- The Bad News Bears (1976)
- The Incredible Sarah (1976)
- The Eagle Has Landed (1976)
- The Duellists (1977)
- The Haunting of Julia (1977)
- The Waterloo Bridge Handicap (1978)
- Pretty Baby (1978)
- Watership Down (1978)
- Victims (1979)
- Ffolkes (1979)
- Le Petomane (1979)
- Life of Brian (1979)
- The Dumb Waiter (1979)
- The Blues Brothers (1980)
- The Dollar Bottom (1981)
- Friday the 13th Part 2 (1981)
- Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981)
- Late Flowering Love (1981)
CIC Video[]
CIC Video (pronounced "kick", though it is an acronym) was a home video distributor, owned by Cinema International Corporation (the forerunner of United International Pictures), and operated in some countries (such as Japan, France, Germany, Norway, Sweden, Australia, United Kingdom and South Korea) by local operators. Outside of North America, it distributed films by Universal Studios (now owned by NBCUniversal/Comcast) and Paramount Pictures (now owned by Viacom, which is owned by National Amusements), CIC's partners. DreamWorks films were added to the company output in 1998, as the fledgling studio had a worldwide video distribution deal with Universal.
In 1994, CIC Video purchased international distribution rights to shows from Nickelodeon, which videos came effect in the Australia in 1995 and UK and other countries in 1996.
In 1999, CIC Video was dissolved when Universal purchased PolyGram and reorganized its video division under the Universal name. Paramount Home Entertainment became CIC's successor.
Australia[]
CIC Video was operated in Australia (where it was known as CIC-Taft Home Video) by the Taft-Hardie joint venture (now Southern Star Group), and also distributed some Southern Star and Hanna-Barbera product under other labels. The Hanna-Barbera library is now handled usually by Warner Home Video. The label's defunct subsidiary was a distributor called Rigby-CIC Video and CIC-Taft's label manufacturer was Roadshow Home Video.
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